Underground Injection Control Well Regulations

Related Publications

The following resources represent a collection of publications that address underground injection control well regulations. Where possible, the Center has provided viewable copies of these publications. Nevertheless, it may be necessary to access some of these materials through an online legal research database.

Government Publications

Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA): A Summary of the Act and Its Major Requirements, CRS Report No. RL31243 (Updated Jul. 1, 2021)

Injection and Geologic Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide: Federal Role and Issues for Congress, CRS Report No. R46192 (Jan. 24, 2020)

Memorandum: Review of Diesel Fuels Hydraulic Fracturing Permitting and Oversight in Response to Office of Inspector General Recommendations, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2017)

Drinking Water: EPA Needs to Collect Information and Consistently Conduct Activities to Protect Underground Sources of Drinking Water, U.S. Government Accountability Office (2016)

Hydraulic Fracturing and Safe Drinking Water Act Regulatory Issues, CRS Report R41760 (2015)

Minimizing and Managing Potential Impacts of Injection-Induced Seismicity from Class II Disposal Wells: Practical Approaches, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2015)

Drinking Water: Characterization of Injected Fluids Associated with Oil and Gas Production, U.S. Government Accountability Office (2014)

Memorandum: Enhancing Coordination and Communication with States on Review and Approval of Aquifer Exemption Requests under SDWA, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2014)

Drinking Water: EPA Program to Protect Underground Sources from Injection of Fluids Associated with Oil and Gas Production Needs Improvement, U.S. Government Accountability Office (2014)

Revised Guidance: Permitting Guidance for Oil and Gas Hydraulic Fracturing Activities Using Diesel Fuels: Underground Injection Control Program Guidance #84, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2014)

Memorandum: Implementation of the Safe Drinking Water Act’s Existing Underground Injection Control Program Requirements for Oil and Gas Hydraulic Fracturing Activities Using Diesel Fuels, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2014)

Geological Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide: Underground Injection Control (UIC) Program Class VI Well Testing and Monitoring Guidance, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (2013)

Deep Injection Wells: EPA Needs to Involve Communities Earlier and Ensure That Financial Assurance Requirements Are Adequate, U.S. Government Accountability Office (2003)

Class I Underground Injection Control Program: Study of the Risks Associated with Class I Underground Injection Wells, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2001)

Legal Publications

Lisa A. Cumming, The Feud Is Getting Old: Why the Oil and Gas Industry Should Lobby for the Federal Regulation of Hydraulic Fracturing under the Safe Drinking Water Act, 125 Penn. St. L. Rev. 905 (2021)

Kayla Weiser-Burton, Clean Drinking Water: A Stream of Success and Opportunity for Reform, 2019 Utah L. Rev. 503 (2019)

Ellery Gordon, The Oil & Gas Industry: Failing to Property Regulate Hydraulic Fracturing & Placing Profits over Safety, 11 J. Bus. Entrepreneurship & L. 131 (2018)

Wendy B. Jacobs & Michael Craig, Legal Pathways to Widespread Carbon Capture and Sequestration, 47 Envtl. L. Rep. News & Analysis 11022 (2017)

Wesley Dyer, Waste Management vs. Climate Mitigation: How CO2 Sparked a Clash of Environmental Values, 33 Pace Envtl. L. Rev. 76 (2015)

Hannah J. Wiseman, Risk and Response in Fracturing Policy, 84 U. Colo. L. Rev. 729 (2013)

Keith B. Hall, Regulations of Hydraulic Fracturing under the Safe Drinking Water Act, 19 Buff. Envtl. L. J. 1 (2011)

Hannah Wiseman, Regulatory Adaptation in Fractured Appalachia, 21 Vill. Envtl. L. J. 229 (2010)

Markus G. Puder & Michel J. Paque, Tremors in the Cooperative Environmental Federalism Arena: What Happens When a State Wants to Assume Only Portions of a Primacy Program or Return a Primacy Program – The Underground Injection Control Program under the Safe Drinking Water Act as a Case Study, 24 Temp. J. Sci. Tech. & Envtl. L. 71 (2005)

Stephanie M. Haggerty, Legal Requirements for Widespread Implementation of CO2 Sequestration in Depleted Oil Reservoirs, 21 Pace Envtl. L. Rev. 197 (2003)

Miscellaneous Publications

Injection Wells: A Guide to Their Use, Operation, and Regulation, Groundwater Protection Council (Jun. 2021)

A Technical Assessment of Protection of Underground Sources of Drinking Water under the UIC Rule and Aquifer Exemption Program, Prepared with Support from the American Petroleum Institute (API), GSI Environmental Inc. (2017)

The Environmental Risks and Oversight of Enhanced Oil Recovery in the United States, An Overview of Class II well trends and regulations in EPA’s Underground Injection Control Program, Clean Water Act / Clean Water Fund (2017)

Regulating Oil & Gas Activities to Protect Drinking Water: The Safe Drinking Water Act’s Underground Injection Control Program – Overview and Concerns, Clean Water Act / Clean Water Fund (2015)